Apparatus and methods for recycling fluidic substances

ABSTRACT

An apparatus and method for recycling fluidic substances. The apparatus of the present invention can recycle fluidic substance, comprising: at least one first container installed with at least one touching plate and a heating device; at least one second container installed with at least one touching plate and a heating device; and at least one third container installed with at least one touching plate, which is connected to a spinning or rotary device. The method for recycling fluidic substance by passing it through the said apparatus.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of Hong Kong Patent Application No.15107723.2 filed on Aug. 10, 2015; the contents of which is herebyincorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the apparatus and methods for recyclingfluidic substances.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Present and future lubricant require high quality and high purity baseoils at the point of use. The ever increasing revolutions per minute(rpm) and rating levels of modern lubricant and related mechanicalapparatuses result in greater mechanical stress in lubricating materialsand fluids. To handle these greater stresses, oils with better viscosityindex qualities are required. Also lower residual water content inlubricant and material must be maintained. Therefore, the treatment andcondition of oil throughout the process becomes critical to theefficiency and lifespan of industrial machine.

Typically, petroleum products used for industrial purposes are simplydisposed of after use. In the United States alone, over 1.7 billiongallons of lubricating, hydraulic, and other petroleum products aredisposed of each year, Napthenics Magazine, June 1996. Alternativelytoday, these petroleum products are expensively and inefficientlyrecycled. For example, to recycled 50,000 liters of oil, 5,000 Kg ofadsorbents are needed which subsequently creates 8,000 Kg of oilsaturated adsorbents for disposal. Without proper disposal, this amountof saturated adsorbents can contaminate 150,000 m² of drinking water.

Attempts have been made to improve the efficiency of petroleum fluidrecycled applying either chemical or decoloring clay to the fluid afterdrying, for example using heat and/or a chemical wash, however thesemethods still produce less than desirable amounts of secondarypollution.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An aspect of some embodiments of the invention relates to providing aplurality of vessels of matter adapted for the recycled of at least onefluidic substance. In some embodiments of the invention, the fluidicsubstance is petroleum based. In some embodiments of the invention, thefluidic substance is a refrigerant and/or coolant. In some embodimentsof the invention, the fluidic substance is de-ionized water and/or someother non-conducting fluid.

In an embodiment of the invention, selected sequencing are presented(e.g. the fluidic substance flows onto the specified apparatus in aspecific order, for example fluid flows onto first vessel in thedirection of flow of the fluidic substance. In some embodiments of theinvention, the fluid flows in a vessel in the specific order wherein thefluidic substance is passed through from one vessel to the next vessel,and in a desired sequence of exposure to the contact surface area of thevessel.

In some embodiments of the invention, the proportion of the fluiddroplet sizes of the total amount are dependent on the type of fluidicsubstance being recycled. Type is determined, for example, by ISOViscosity Grade and/or the kind of fluid (e.g. lubricating, hydraulic,and/or other petroleum products, water, refrigerant and/or coolantfluids, etc.) and/or the pH of the fluid being recycled.

An aspect of some embodiments of the invention relates to providing anapparatus for recycling fluidic substances including a universalparticle filtration section and/or purification section. The filtrationscreen collects both metallic and non-metallic particles, in anembodiment of the invention. In some embodiments of the invention, theuniversal particle filtration section are combined into one section. Insome embodiments of the invention, the purification section is used forremoving particulate matter, gas and/or moisture from the fluid beingrecycled. The universal particle filtration section, when both are usedin the apparatus, is not critical in some embodiments of the invention,allowing for either section to be used before the other but both beforethe recycled section. In an embodiment of the invention, thepurification section acts on the fluid being recycled before the fluidenters the recycled section.

In some embodiments of the invention, the recycled section includes aprioritization of matter comprised of sequencing vessels which areselected and/or are arranged for recycled of a specific fluidicsubstance. In an embodiment of the invention, the recycled section iscomprised of at least three (3) vessels stack together to form onemaster vessel wherein the fluidic substance being recycled flows intothe vessels, through the at least one vessel and/or is recirculatedthrough the next vessel until the fluidic substance has been recycled toor above a predetermined threshold, for example a threshold of quality.

In an embodiment of the invention, the touching plate is constructed ofa substance with different shape and form which does not adversely reactwith the fluid being recycled. In embodiments a metal is used forconstructing the touching plate, for example aluminum, carbon steel,copper or stainless steel.

An aspect of some embodiments of the invention relates to providing auniversal particle filtration section, adapted for regulating fluid flowand/or filtering debris.

In some embodiments of the invention, the size of particles which arefiltered is determined by the type of fluid being filtered, for examplefluids with high ISO viscosity grades (ISO viscosity grades being oneway of determining type) are filtered for particles as small as 1micron. In some embodiments of the invention, the conical filter isprovided with pores adapted for filtering out debris as small as 1micron. In some embodiments of the invention, the filter is providedwith pores adapted for filtering out debris as small as 0.5 microns.

In an embodiment of the invention, the touching plate shape of thecircular flat plate and concave ellipse is used to regulate fluid flowas it transitions from one vessel to the next vessel section, to arecycled section in a fluid recycled apparatus. In an embodiment of theinvention, the circular flat plate assembly is divided into a firstportion upstream of the metal circular flat plate, uphold by a metalcircular tube which enwrapped by inducting heating or any other ways ofheating or heating media and a second portion downstream of the metalplate in the shape and form of concave ellipse, uphold by a metalcircular tube which enwrapped by inducting heating or any other ways ofheating or heating media and lastly third portion downstream of themetal plate in the shape and form of a concave circle or wine glass(with open to the top) which incorporate with a motor (which is poweredand controlled by an internal or external power source and control unit)at the bottom of it such that the said concave circle or wine glass willspin or rotate at a speed at or higher than 1,000 rpm. In someembodiments of the invention, the velocity of flow in the first portionis slowed as the fluid passes through onto the circular flat plate thenconcave ellipse and finally onto the concave circle or wine glass (withopen to the top) shape. In some embodiments of the invention, the flowvelocity in the second portion increases as the fluid progresses pastonto the concave ellipse touching plate and then onto the third touchingplate with the shape and form of a concave circle or wine glass (withopen to the top) that has a motor (which is powered and controlled by aninternal or external power source and control unit) at the bottom of it.The said motor is connected with the said concave circle or wine glasssuch that the said concave circle or wine glass will spin or rotate at aspeed at or higher than 1,000 rpm. In such an embodiment of theinvention, the inlet flow rate and the outlet flow rate are the same;however, the flow velocity is different between the upstream anddownstream portions.

An aspect of some embodiments of the invention relates to providing amethod for recycling at least one fluidic substance, the methodincluding at least passing the fluidic substance through stages ofrecycling, optionally arranged in top/down and/or additionally oralternatively in a predefined sequence. In some embodiments of theinvention, each component is selected to perform a different effect onthe fluidic substance, examples including reducing acidity, as adesiccant, and/or for removing sulfur. In some embodiments of theinvention, the droplet size of the fluid are used to provide acumulative effect on the fluidic substance, for example continuing toreduce acidity as the fluid touches the heated touching plate. In anembodiment of the invention, the fluid being recycled is passed onto theat least one vessel at least one time in order to recycled the fluid.Additionally, alternatively and/or optionally, the fluid is passedthrough a universal filter for filtering out debris greater than acertain size.

There is further provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment ofthe invention an apparatus for recycling fluidic substances, comprising:a recycled section containing therein a vessel of matter according toany one of exemplary embodiments described above. In an embodiment ofthe invention, the apparatus further comprises at least one of afiltration section or a universal particle filtration section.Optionally, the recycled section is comprised of at least one recycledvessel. Optionally, the recycled vessel is adapted for flow of thefluidic substances there through. Optionally, the master vessel sectionis comprised of a three (3) independent vessels assembly provided with aclamp to hold together. Optionally, the three (3) independent vesselssection are combined in a single section. Optionally, the fluidicsubstances being recycled flow through at least one of the vesselsection prior to flowing through the after sequence vessel section.Optionally, the fluidic substances being recycled are recirculatedthrough at least one of the vessel section.

There is further provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment ofthe invention a universal particle filtration section for filteringparticles from a fluidic substance passing therethrough, comprising: anupstream portion adjacent to an inlet to the universal particlefiltration section; and, a downstream portion adjacent to an outlet ofthe universal particle filtration section.

There is further provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment ofthe invention method for recycling at least one fluidic substance,comprising: passing the at least one fluidic substance through a vesselof matter according to any one of exemplary embodiments described above.In an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises passingthe at least one fluidic substance through a master vessel insequencing. In an embodiment of the invention, the method furthercomprises passing the at least one fluidic substance through a universalfilter for filtering out debris greater than a certain size. In anembodiment of the invention, the method further comprises selecting atleast one of: i) the sequence of the vessels; based on the type offluidic substance being recycled. Optionally, type is defined byviscosity. Optionally, type is defined by pH. Optionally, type isdefined by the kind of fluid being recycled. Optionally, kind isselected from a group comprising lubricating fluids, hydraulic fluids,petroleum products, and water, refrigerant or coolant fluids.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Non-limiting embodiments of the invention will be described withreference to the following description of exemplary embodiments, inconjunction with the Figures. The Figures are generally not shown toscale and any measurements are only meant to be exemplary and notnecessarily limiting. In the Figures, identical structures, elements orparts which appear in more than one Figure are preferably labeled with asame or similar number in all the Figures in which they appear, inwhich:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing generally the sections of an apparatusfor recycling fluidic substances, in accordance with an exemplaryembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vessel section with the touchingplate in the shape of the circular flat plate.

FIG. 2a is the top view and FIG. 2b is the side view.

FIG. 2c is a cross-sectional view of a vessel section with the touchingplate in the shape of the circular flat plate in accordance with anexemplary embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a vessel section with the touchingplate in the shape and form of concave ellipse (with respect to thebottom of the said vessel section) or a cone.

FIG. 3a is the top view and FIG. 3b is the side view.

FIG. 3c is a cross-sectional view of a vessel section with the touchingplate in the shape and form of concave ellipse (with respect to thebottom of the said vessel section) or a cone in accordance with anexemplary embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vessel section with the touchingplate in the shape and form of a concave circle or wine glass (with opento the top) which incorporate with a motor (which is powered andcontrolled by an internal or external power source and control unit) atthe bottom of it such that the concave circle or wine glass will spin orrotate.

FIG. 4a is the top view and FIG. 4b is the side view.

FIG. 4c is a cross-sectional view of a vessel section with the touchingplate in the shape and form of a concave circle or wine glass (with opento the top) which incorporate with a motor (which is powered andcontrolled by an internal or external power source and control unit) atthe bottom of it such that the said concave circle or wine glass willspin or rotate, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of theinvention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a master vessel section with vesselsstack together by a clamp from top vessel Vessel-A (FIG. 2), in themiddle vessel Vessel-B (FIG. 3) and the bottom vessel Vessel-C (FIG. 4),or their combinations.

FIG. 5b is a cross-sectional view of a master vessel section with threevessels stack together by a clamp from top vessel Vessel-A (FIG. 2), inthe middle vessel Vessel-B (FIG. 3) and the bottom vessel Vessel-C (FIG.4) in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

In some embodiments of the invention, a vessel of matter and/or aplurality of vessels of matter are selected to be used for the recycledof a fluidic substance. The fluidic substance is petroleum based, insome embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments of the invention,the fluidic substance is a refrigerant and/or coolant. In someembodiments of the invention, the fluidic substance is de-ionized waterand/or some other non-conducting fluid.

As used in this application, recycled generally means returning at leastone desired property of the fluidic substance to a pre-used level, forexample fluidic substances are recycled to restore their purity in someembodiments of the invention. In some embodiments of the invention, theviscosity of the fluidic substance is altered by removing moisture. Insome embodiments of the invention, the acidity of the fluidic substanceis altered by removing particles from the substance. In some embodimentsof the invention, the color of the fluidic substance is changed byremoving particles from the fluid. In some embodiments of the invention,recycled using the herein described vessels of matter improves at leastone property to and/or above its pre-use level, indicating the possibleutility of these vessels as a final step in the original processing ofthe fluidic substance.

In an embodiment of the invention, a vessel of matter is comprised ofselected and herein described master vessel. In an embodiment of theinvention, the fluidic substance being recycled is passed through thevessels in sequence. In some embodiments of the invention, each vesselis selected to perform a different effect on the fluidic substance beingrecycled, examples including reducing acidity, as a desiccant, and/orfor removing sulfur. In some embodiments of the invention, a pluralityof vessels are used to provide a cumulative effect on the fluidicsubstance, for example continuing to reduce acidity as the fluid passesthrough the plurality of vessels. In some embodiments of the invention,vessels are chosen and placed in order using a determining factor suchas molecular weight of the respective vessels. Optionally, at least oneof the vessel is itself a vessel of a plurality of components.

In an embodiment of the invention, selected vessels are presented (e.g.the fluidic substance flows through the vessels) to the fluidicsubstance being recycled in a specific order, for example Vessel-Apreceding Vessel-B and Vessel-C in the direction of flow of the fluidicsubstance. In some embodiments of the invention, the Master vessel islaid in at least one vessel in the specific order wherein the fluidicsubstance is passed through the at least one vessel, and therefore thevessel, in a desired sequence of exposure to the touching plate ofvessels.

In some embodiments of the invention, the proportion of the total amountand/or selection of vessels are dependent on the type fluidic substancebeing recycled. Type is determined, for example, by ISO Viscosity Gradeand/or the kind of fluid (e.g. lubricating, hydraulic, and/or otherpetroleum products, water, refrigerant and/or coolant fluids, etc.)and/or the pH of the fluid being recycled.

In general, the dirtier a fluid being recycled is the more total amountof that need recyclable pass that need to be used in order to recyclethe fluid.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing generally the sections of an apparatus100 for recycling fluidic substances, in accordance with an exemplaryembodiment of the invention. In an embodiment of the invention,apparatus 100 is comprised of a recycled section 106. Additionally,alternatively and/or optionally, apparatus 100 is provided with auniversal particle filtration section 102 and/or a purification section104.

In an embodiment of the invention, recycled section 106 is comprised ofat least one vessel (an example shown in more detail with respect toFIG. 5) with the vessels situated therein wherein the fluidic substancebeing recycled flows into the at least one vessel, through the vesselsand/or is recirculated through the vessels until the fluidic substancehas been recycled to or above a predetermined threshold, for example athreshold of quality. Optionally, the vessels are arranged in such asthe recycled vessel described with respect to FIG. 5. In someembodiments of the invention, a plurality of vessels, each containing atleast one of the vessels, is used for recycling the fluid passing therethrough. Optionally, the plurality of vessels is arranged in apredefined sequence.

In an embodiment of the invention, “Vessel-A” (FIG. 2) is actuallycomprised of a touching plate shape of the circular flat plate which hasholding tube with inducting heating or any other ways of heating orheating media on it, in an embodiment of the invention.

In an embodiment of the invention, “Vessel-B” (FIG. 3) is actuallycomprised of a touching plate in the shape and form of concave ellipse(with respect to the bottom of the vessel) or cone which has holdingtube with inducting heating or any other ways of heating or heatingmedia on it, in an embodiment of the invention.

In an embodiment of the invention, “Vessel-C” (FIG. 4) is actuallycomprised of a touching plate in the shape and form of a concave circleor wine glass (with open to the top) which incorporate with a motor(which is powered and controlled by an internal or external power sourceand control unit) at the bottom of it such that the said concave circleor wine glass will spin or rotate at a speed at or higher than 1,000rpm, in an embodiment of the invention.

In some embodiments of the invention, Vessel-A, Vessel-B and/or Vessel-Care sized to enable efficient flow through apparatus. Optionally,apparatus 106 is portable for use in a plurality of locations. In someembodiments of the invention, at least any two of Vessel-A, Vessel-Band/or Vessel-C are combined into one section. Additionally,alternatively and/or optionally, Vessel-A, Vessel-B and/or Vessel-C donot necessarily need to be arranged in a specific order.

Referring to FIG. 2, a cross-sectional view of Vessel-A section 20 isshown, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention.Vessel-A section 20 is provided with a pipe tube section housing,Vessel-A outer shell 201 which is adapted for flow of the fluidicsubstance therethrough and/or for the safe operation features of thetouching plate 202, in an embodiment of the invention. An inlet 205and/or an outlet 206 are provided to the housing 201 for theintroduction and removal of the fluidic substance being recycled. Insome embodiments of the invention, at least the inducting heating onouter wall 204 or any other ways of heating or heating media is used togenerate heat when charged by any sort of internal or external powersources. As seen in more detail in FIG. 2, the at least touching plate202 is welded onto touching plate holder pipe 203 and place into sectionhousing Vessel-A outer shell 201. In an embodiment of the invention, thefluidic substance being recycled enters Vessel-A section 20 at inlet 205and flows in a direction towards outlet 206, thereby passing by and/oraround at least on touching plate 202.

It should be understood that while the present application describes arecyclable section, it is by way of example only, and that any solutionknown to those skilled in the art are useable to remove unwanted elementfrom the fluidic substance being recycled.

Referring to FIG. 3, a cross-sectional view of Vessel-B section 40 isshown, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention.Vessel-B section 40 is provided with a pipe tube section housing,Vessel-B outer shell 301 which is adapted for flow of the fluidicsubstance there through and/or for the safe operation features of thetouching plate 302, in an embodiment of the invention. An inlet 305and/or an outlet 306 are provided to the housing 301 for theintroduction and removal of the fluidic substance being recycled. Insome embodiments of the invention, at least the inducting heating onouter wall 304 or any other ways of heating or heating media is used togenerate heat when charged by any sort of internal or external powersources. As seen in more detail in FIG. 3, the at least touching plate302 is welded onto touching plate holder pipe 303 and place into sectionhousing Vessel-B outer shell 301. In an embodiment of the invention, thefluidic substance being recycled enters Vessel-B section 40 at inlet 305and flows in a direction towards outlet 306, thereby passing by and/oraround at least on touching plate 302.

It should be understood that while the present application describes arecyclable section, it is by way of example only, and that any solutionknown to those skilled in the art are useable to remove unwanted elementfrom the fluidic substance being recycled.

Referring to FIG. 4, a cross-sectional view of Vessel-C section 60 isshown, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention.Vessel-C section 60 is provided with a pipe tube section housing,Vessel-C outer shell 401 which is adapted for flow of the fluidicsubstance there through and/or for the safe operation features of thetouching plate 402, in an embodiment of the invention. An inlet 404and/or an outlet 405 are provided to the housing 401 for theintroduction and removal of the fluidic substance being recycled. Insome embodiments of the invention, at least the bottom of touching plate402 will be fasten onto or connected to a motor 406 (which is poweredand controlled by an internal or external power source and control unit)such that touching plate 402 will spin or rotate at the speed at orhigher than 1,000 rpm. As seen in more detail in FIG. 4, the at leasttouching plate 402 is fasten onto motor shaft 406 and place into sectionhousing Vessel-C outer shell 401. In an embodiment of the invention, thefluidic substance being recycled enters Vessel-C section 60 at inlet 404and flows in a direction towards outlet 405, thereby passing by and/oraround at least on touching plate 402.

It should be understood that while the present application describes arecyclable section, it is by way of example only, and that any solutionknown to those skilled in the art are useable to remove unwanted elementfrom the fluidic substance being recycled.

FIG. 5 is an assembly diagram showing generally the sections of anapparatus 100 for recycling fluidic substances, in accordance with anexemplary embodiment of the invention. In an embodiment of theinvention, apparatus 100 is comprised of a recycled section 80 (FIG. 5).Additionally, alternatively and/or optionally, apparatus 100 is providedwith a Vessel-A (FIG. 2) section 20, Vessel-B (FIG. 3) section 40 andVessel-C (FIG. 3) section 60 which stack together and form the MasterVessel (FIG. 5) section 80.

The wordings “vessel” or “vessel of matter” shall not limit the form ofthe vessel in its ordinary meaning but the said vessel or vessel ofmatter could be any container in any form or shape which could containor install the touching plates or the components in connection with thesaid touching plates in the vessels including Vessel-A, Vessel-B orVessel-C.

The present invention has been described using detailed descriptions ofembodiments thereof that are provided by way of example and are notintended to limit the scope of the invention. The described embodimentscomprise different features, not all of which are required in allembodiments of the invention. Some embodiments of the present inventionutilize only some of the features or possible combinations of thefeatures. Variations of embodiments of the present invention that aredescribed and embodiments of the present invention comprising differentcombinations of features noted in the described embodiments will occurto persons of the art. When used in the following claims, the terms“comprises”, “includes”, “have” and their conjugates mean “including butnot limited to”. It should also be noted that the device is suitable forboth males and female, with male pronouns being used for convenience.The scope of the invention is limited only by the following claims.

1. An apparatus for recycling a fluidic substance, comprising: a) atleast one first container installed with at least one touching plate,with or without slope, in any shape or form, and a heating device suchthat the said touching plate is heated; b) at least one second containerinstalled with at least one touching plate, with or without slope, andin any shape or form, and a heating device such that the said touchingplate is heated; and c) at least one third container installed with atleast one touching plate, in any shape or form, which is connected to aspinning or rotary device such that the said touching plate spins orrotates at certain speed; and there are at least one inlet and oneoutlet provided to each of the said first, second or third container forthe introduction and removal of the fluidic substance being recycled;and the said first container is connected preceding the said secondcontainer, the second container is connected preceding the thirdcontainer, in the direction of flow of the fluidic substance beingrecycled.
 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the said heatingdevice heats the said container or touching plate by way of inductingheating or other heating media installed in or outside the saidcontainer.
 3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the saidtouching plate of the first or second container conforms with the shapeor form of flat plate, circular flat plate, concave ellipse or concavecircle with respect to the bottom of the said container, concave withrespect to the bottom of the said container, cone, convex with open inthe top or wine glass with open in the top.
 4. An apparatus according toclaim 1, wherein the said touching plate of the third container conformswith the shape or form of convex with open in the top or wine glass withopen in the top.
 5. An apparatus according to claim 1, where the saidspinning or rotary device contains at least one motor with the shaft ofthe said motor or gears fasten to the said touching plate such that thesaid touching plate spins or rotates in certain speed.
 6. An apparatusaccording to claim 1, where the said speed is at least 1,000 revolutionsper minute (rpm).
 7. A master apparatus according to claim 1, whereineach apparatus forms a stack in a sequence.
 8. An apparatus forrecycling fluidic substances, comprising: A recycled section containingtherein the said apparatus according to claim
 1. 9. An apparatusaccording to claim 8, where the recycled vessel is adapted for flow ofthe fluidic substances therethrough.
 10. A method for recycling at leastone fluidic substance, comprising the steps of: passing the at least onetype of fluidic substance through the apparatus according to claim 1.11. The method according to claim 10, further comprising passing the atleast one fluidic substance through preceding a filter for filtering outmetallic debris.
 12. The method according to claim 10, furthercomprising passing the at least one fluidic substance through auniversal filter for filtering out debris greater than a certain size.13. The method according to claim 10, further comprising selecting atleast one of: a) the said containers for the said apparatus; b) theproportions of the said containers; or c) the sequence of the saidcontainers; based on the type of fluidic substance being recycled. 14.The method according to claim 10, wherein the said type of fluidicsubstance is defined by viscosity.
 15. The method according to claim 10,wherein the said type of fluidic substance is defined by pH.
 16. Themethod according to claim 10, wherein the said type of fluidic substanceis defined by the kind of fluid being recycled.
 17. The method accordingto claim 10, wherein the said type of fluidic substance is selected froma group comprising lubricating fluids, hydraulic fluids, petroleumproducts, water, refrigerant or coolant fluids.
 18. A universal particlefiltration section for filtering particles from a fluidic substancepassing there through preceding the apparatus in claim 1, comprising: anupstream portion adjacent to an inlet to the universal particlefiltration section; and a downstream portion adjacent to an outlet ofthe universal particle filtration section; wherein the upstream anddownstream portions are divided by a touching plate assembly.
 19. Auniversal particle filtration section according to claim 18, wherein thefilter element assembly is provided with pores for filtering particleslarger than 5 microns in diameter.
 20. A universal particle filtrationsection according to claim 18, wherein the filter element assembly isprovided with pores for filtering particles larger than 1 micron indiameter.
 21. A universal particle filtration section according to claim18, wherein the filter element assembly is provided with pores forfiltering particles larger than 0.5 microns in diameter.